BBE 4001/5001 Chemistry of Plant Materials
(4 credits)
| Catalog Description: |
Chemical principles underlying the structure, properties,
processing and performance of plant materials.
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| Prerequisites: |
Wood and Fiber Science, BAE 3013, Chem 2301, Chem 2302
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| Class/Laboratory Schedule: |
3 lectures per week, 1 recitation
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| Location: |
TBA
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| Instructors: |
U.
Tschirner
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| Text: |
Course package
References: Hon, D.; Nobuo Shiraishi “Wood
and Cellulosic Chemistry” 2nd Edition, Marcel
Decker, New York 2001
Fengel, D. Wegner, G. “Wood, Chemistry, Ultrastructure, Reactions” Walter
De Gruyter, New York 1984,
Sjoestroem, Eero “Wood Chemistry, Fundamentals and Applications”,
2nd edition.
Byron, David, “Biomaterials, Novel Materials from Biological
Sources” M Stockton Press, 1991, New York,
Hon, D. “Chemical Modification of Lignocellulosic Materials” Marcel
Decker, New York , 1996
Gross, R. Scholtz,C.; “Biopolymers from polysaccharides and agroproteins”,
American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 2001
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| Grading: |
6 Homework 25 %
6 Quizzes 45 %
Final exam 30 %
Graduate Credit: Students taking the course for graduate
credit will be required to answer additional questions
in exams and/or graduate student project
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Topics:
- Cellulose chemistry
Biosynthesis of cellulose, distribution of cellulose in plant material, structure
and types of cellulose, cellulose properties, isolation of cellulose from
plant material, microbial cellulose, reactions of cellulose.
- Hemicellulose chemistry
Building blocks of hemicellulose, biosynthesis of hemicellulose, distribution
of hemicellulose in plant material, structures and types of hemicellulose,
hemicellulose properties, isolation and determination of hemicellulose,
reactions of hemicellulose.
- Lignin chemistry
Biosynthesis of lignin, structure and types of lignin in plant material,
types of linkages, functional groups, isolation of lignin, reactions of
lignin.
- Extractives and oils
Groups of extractives found in plant material, chemical composition, occurrence,
reactions. Plant oils, structures.
- Starch
Presence in plant material. Amylose/Amylopectin, structure and properties,
reactions, modified starches.
- Proteins in renewable resources
Presence in plant material, structures, reactions
- Chemical reactions of Lignicellulosic material
Pulping and bleaching chemistry (for example, alkaline, acid conditions,
radical reactions, sulfide, Anthraquinon in process.) Formation of cellulose
derivatives, cellulose solutions and regenerated cellulose (for example,
cellulose esters, ethers, xanthate/rayon)
- Biomaterials as feed stock
Biorefining: a.) cellulose > glucose > chemicals ( for example, hydroxymethylfurfural,
ethanol, Lactic acid, etc.). b.) pentosans (for example to furfural). c.)
Lignin (present uses and potential future applications) d.) products from
wood extractives (for example, sizing agents, insectizides, tanning agents).
e.) products from starch (for example PLA). f.) products from proteins (
for example soy protein polymers, binders for coating , Casein?).
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